Conflicting Reward Systems and Their Impact on Criminal Justice Research Paper

Conflicting Reward Systems and Their Impact on Criminal Justice Administration - Research Paper Example Kerr (1975) presents a wide-reaching warning about the efficacy of reward systems that do not understand the knowledge or motivations of the individuals (or the society) the reward system hopes to incentivize toward some course of action. In order to draw attention to the scope of this problem, the author utilizes examples from politics, organizations, and profit-making firms, even though his intended audience is only concerned with the latter. By using examples from politics, however, the author’s analysis opens up avenues of investigation related to public administration, particularly criminal justice administration and the incentives it hopes to provide for mending the behaviors of convicted persons. Given the importance of preventing criminal recidivism and the economic impacts of fewer people in jails, it is no surprise that public administration officials would be interested in ways to realign their reward systems toward the knowledge or motivations of individuals. With those considerations in mind, this paper hopes to survey some of the problems that occur when reward systems in criminal justice work against the needs and wants of administrators, and how administrators can prevent that from happening. Employees are very good at figuring out what gets rewarded in the workplace and doing those things instead of what they are officially told to do. â€Å"Employee ambivalence† occurs when the explicit norms or desires of an organization come into conflict with the content of the reward systems and the norms generated by that system. An example of such a conflict might be when a company encourages employees to follow the rules, but also to be effective in their job—getting their responsibilities done any way they can. So, despite the wish for ethical behavior from upper management, cutthroat behavior might be ultimately what gets rewarded (Spencer & Sims, 1995, p. 190). And once a single individual figures out how to get rewarded, the pre ssure falls on his colleagues or else fall behind. Only a single violation from a single individual can expose a deep, underlying problem within a reward system. A specific application of Kerr (1975)’s analysis of problematic reward systems is contained within a study of prosecutorial misconduct. Bibas (2009) discusses possible ways to regulate the conduct of prosecutors, who the author believes have the most unreviewable power or discretion of any public official. Embedded in this analysis is a response to potential reward systems for prosecutors based on financial gains. For example, one perspective offers the solution of rewarding prosecutors whose initial charges closely match the charges the criminal was convicted upon. However, keeping in mind Kerr (1975)’s warning that what one measures is what one gets, â€Å"sizable monetary rewards for particular statistics could lead prosecutors to undercharge rather than overcharge and to plea bargain to avoid losing rewar ds for ethical misconduct† (Bibas, 2009, p. 156). Thus, the opposite problem arises out of the solution for the original problem, which is particularly important to bear in mind when creating reward systems for individuals within the criminal justice system. Manipulable and inflatable quantifiable statistics often define the effectiveness of prosecutors, which poses a problem for effective reward systems based on performance. Also, reward systems that become overused tend to produce the opposite effect of rewarding the right behaviors. In other words, the more rewards

Personally I have sympathy Essay Example for Free

Personally I have sympathy Essay He also states I had deprived myself of rest and health, meaning that he had worked so hard and long it had effected his health. When Victor looks for the monster on the frozen ocean he still tries to gain sympathy using language such as despair and I myself was about to sink under accumulation of distress. Here he is speaking metaphorically; hes talking about sinking in the sea, as well as sinking emotionally. With so much talk of self pity, the reader could easily forget that this journey is one of vengeance. Victor sees the monster as his enemy and says his soul is as hellish as his form, full of treachery, and fiend like malice. He also tells Walton to thrust your sword into his heart, I will hover near, and direct the steel alright. His hate for the monster is so intense; he thinks that he can help in killing the monster, even in supernatural life. Even though Victor is seen as an arrogant, self righteous character, we have sympathy for him because he starts a series of events that he eventually has no control over. He creates a monster that kills his family and feels compelled to seek him out and end his life. His desire is burning within my heart, and he is powerless not to obey it. Whereas Victors downfall could be seen as of his own making, the creature seems to be a victim of circumstance and outside influences. The creature says, The completion of my demoniacal design became an insatiable passion. He considers himself to have no control over his actions as they are a result of how he was made. He also claims I had no choice but to adapt my nature to an element which I had willingly chosen, and that evil thenceforth became my good. The monster is looking for understanding for his terrible actions when he says I was the slave, not the master. He is trying to portray himself as a victim rather than the villain. In this passage the creature speaks descriptively to try and make the reader feel sympathy. He says that in the beginning it was the love of virtue, he feelings of happiness and affection with which my whole being overflowed. This turned into bitter loathing and despair and it speaks of how its crimes had degraded itself. It compares itself to a fallen angel who becomes a malignant devil. It considers itself to be more sinned against than the sinner when it says all humankind sinned against me. The feeling of self pity continues with I desired love and fellowship and I was still spurned and your abhorrence cannot equal that with which I regard myself. It feels totally injustice towards itself with everyone despising it and having sympathy only for Victor. This would make the reader feel very sympathetic towards the monster he has only turned out to be the despised and hated creature that he now is due to the actions of others. Both characters make convincing cases in an attempt to gain sympathy from the reader. Both are sinned against, (Victor has his family killed by his own creation and his creation itself is abandoned and despised) and it is a matter of opinion who the victim actually is. The reasons behind Victor deciding to create life in the first place could be seen as an important factor. Was he trying to be the first person to create life in this way to satisfy his ego or was he doing it for the good of human kind? Personally I have sympathy for both Victor and the monster. But if I had to choose one it would be the monster, because it was born an adult and never got chance to learn right from wrong and it had no parents to teach it anything nor no friends. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

The Nature of Boston Peace Groups :: War Iraq Papers

The Nature of Boston Peace Groups Like many other Brookline residents, Amy Hendrickson spends every Saturday at Coolidge Corner. But unlike most Coolidge Corner visitors, she’s not catching a movie at the historic Coolidge Corner Theatre or grabbing a latte at Starbucks. Every Saturday at noon for the past two years, Amy Hendrickson has held a peace vigil for soldiers who have died in Iraq. Hendrickson is the founder of Brookline Peaceworks, a community peace activist group and offshoot of United for Justice with Peace. "It’s amazing what you can do from Brookline,† says Hendrickson, a self-employed computer consultant who admits she probably spends more time on Brookline Peaceworks than on her job. Every Saturday Hendrickson and other Brookline Peaceworks members hand out flyers, and speak with passers-by about the war in Iraq. On March 23, 2005, Hendrickson handed out flyers detailing the costs to taxpayers for the war, including the specific cost for Brookline residents. And she’s not stopping there. â€Å"Brookline Peaceworks is initiating a town-wide canvass to raise awareness about the impact of the Iraq War. We will be going door to door to ask Brookline citizens to sign a petition to remove U.S. troops from Iraq as quickly as possible, and to reassess the use of Massachusetts National Guard in international conflicts,† wrote Hendrickson in the Guest Commentary section of the Brookline Tab, on March 24, 2005. Hendrickson was a member of United for Justice with Peace (UJP), an association of almost 60 peace groups in the Greater Boston area. In 2002 it came to her attention that Brookline was lacking a community peace group. After some hesitation, Hendrickson decided to found Brookline Peaceworks with the encouragement of other UJP members. Since then, Brookline Peaceworks has made front page news in the Boston Globe by organizing a demonstration in Boston that was concurrent with demonstrations in other U.S. cities, such as New York and San Francisco; organizing â€Å"teach-ins† at schools such as Northeastern University and Brookline High School; and campaigning for Randall Forsberg as a write-in candidate for Senate, in defiance of John Kerry’s support of the war powers act. This last effort resulted in 25,000 write in votes for Forsberg, according to Brookline Peaceworks. The group has worked many hours in an effort to end the war with Iraq. Groups such as Boston Peaceworks aim to educate Boston residents, but to many they seem useless, ineffective, and to some, downright annoying.

Graduation Speech: Explore. Dream. Discover :: Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

I am about to give you a final challenge as a high school student. I am about to ask you to do something you were sure you wouldn’t have to do again for a while with the ending of high school. I am asking you to think. Please, just this once, take a moment to put that educated mind to work. Think of something you really want right now, go ahead, don’t complain, just do it. What do you really want? A few of you searched your minds and out of the millions of things you are sure you want, not one could surface above the rest. The most common thoughts you had were probably "I want to eat" or "I want to sleep" or, "I want to move this hanging thing over to the other side of my cap now so that I can be on my way." There’s something in common with what everyone just thought about. It’s something to make you happy. In a world of ever-growing business and technology, we hear about the new millionaires captured by stocks and the booming world of computers and along with them the amounts of money beyond the comprehension of most of us. This year, I believe I speak for the majority when I say we’ve felt so poor, cutting back on McDonald’s and TCBY to save up for an expensive trip to prom, a grad night party and college applications for which you sent the money away and weren’t even guaranteed anything but probably a nice postcard in return. Now, all of a sudden if we end up somehow with a $5 bill in hand, we think we’re all set and ready to go. A $5 bill is endless possibilities. The truth is, you won’t miss your $30 application fee in a few years, you’ll be happy if you have a job you look forward to every day. You won’t miss the money you spent on prom in 10 years, you’ll be happy if you are content with your life. Perhaps for you this means a family. As Einstein once said, "Happiness is the ability to enjoy the passage of time." Different people can reach happiness in so many different ways, but to everyone it is all that really matters. At this point in our lives it’s difficult not to think that happiness is had by material products — the newest technology, the nicest clothes around, or that car you probably aren’t getting for graduation.

Quantitative Marketing Research

Quantitative marketing research is the application of quantitative research techniques to the field of marketing. It has roots in both the positivist view of the world, and the modern marketing viewpoint that marketing is an interactive process in which both the buyer and seller reach a satisfying agreement on the â€Å"four Ps† of marketing: Product, Price, Place (location) and Promotion. As a social research method, it typically involves the construction of questionnaires and scales. People who respond (respondents) are asked to complete the survey.Marketers use the information so obtained to understand the needs of individuals in the marketplace, and to create strategies and marketing plans. Contents [hide] †¢1 Scope and requirements †¢2 Typical general procedure †¢3 Statistical analysis o3. 1 Reliability and validity o3. 2 Types of errors †¢4 See also †¢5 List of related topics †¢6 References [edit] Scope and requirements This section is empty . You can help by adding to it. (July 2010) [edit] Typical general procedure Simply, there are five major and important steps involved in the research process: 1. Defining the Problem. 2.Research Design. 3. Data Collection. 4. Analysis. 5. Report Writing & presentation. A brief discussion on these steps is: 1. Problem audit and problem definition – What is the problem? What are the various aspects of the problem? What information is needed? 2. Conceptualization and operationalization – How exactly do we define the concepts involved? How do we translate these concepts into observable and measurable behaviours? 3. Hypothesis specification – What claim(s) do we want to test? 4. Research design specification – What type of methodology to use? – examples: questionnaire, survey 5.Question specification – What questions to ask? In what order? 6. Scale specification – How will preferences be rated? 7. Sampling design specification – Wh at is the total population? What sample size is necessary for this population? What sampling method to use? – examples: Probability Sampling:- (cluster sampling, stratified sampling, simple random sampling, multistage sampling, systematic sampling) & Nonprobability sampling:- (Convenience Sampling,Judgement Sampling, Purposive Sampling, Quota Sampling, Snowball Sampling, etc. ) 8. Data collection – Use mail, telephone, internet, mall intercepts 9.Codification and re-specification – Make adjustments to the raw data so it is compatible with statistical techniques and with the objectives of the research – examples: assigning numbers, consistency checks, substitutions, deletions, weighting, dummy variables, scale transformations, scale standardization 10. Statistical analysis – Perform various descriptive and inferential techniques (see below) on the raw data. Make inferences from the sample to the whole population. Test the results for statistical sig nificance. 11. Interpret and integrate findings – What do the results mean? What conclusions can be drawn?How do these findings relate to similar research? 12. Write the research report – Report usually has headings such as: 1) executive summary; 2) objectives; 3) methodology; 4) main findings; 5) detailed charts and diagrams. Present the report to the client in a 10 minute presentation. Be prepared for questions. The design step may involve a pilot study to in order to discover any hidden issues. The codification and analysis steps are typically performed by computer, using statistical software. The data collection steps, can in some instances be automated, but often require significant manpower to undertake.Interpretation is a skill mastered only by experience. [edit] Statistical analysis The data acquired for quantitative marketing research can be analysed by almost any of the range of techniques of statistical analysis, which can be broadly divided into descriptive statistics and statistical inference. An important set of techniques is that related to statistical surveys. In any instance, an appropriate type of statistical analysis should take account of the various types of error that may arise, as outlined below. [edit] Reliability and validity Research should be tested for reliability, generalizability, and validity.Generalizability is the ability to make inferences from a sample to the population. Reliability is the extent to which a measure will produce consistent results. †¢Test-retest reliability checks how similar the results are if the research is repeated under similar circumstances. Stability over repeated measures is assessed with the Pearson coefficient. †¢Alternative forms reliability checks how similar the results are if the research is repeated using different forms. †¢Internal consistency reliability checks how well the individual measures included in the research are converted into a composite measure.Internal consistency may be assessed by correlating performance on two halves of a test (split-half reliability). The value of the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient is adjusted with the Spearman–Brown prediction formula to correspond to the correlation between two full-length tests. A commonly used measure is Cronbach's ? , which is equivalent to the mean of all possible split-half coefficients. Reliability may be improved by increasing the sample size. Validity asks whether the research measured what it intended to. Content validation (also called face validity) checks how well the content of the research are related to the variables to be studied; it seeks to answer whether the research questions are representative of the variables being researched. It is a demonstration that the items of a test are drawn from the domain being measured. †¢Criterion validation checks how meaningful the research criteria are relative to other possible criteria. When the criterion is collected later the goal is to establish predictive validity. †¢Construct validation checks what underlying construct is being measured.There are three variants of construct validity: convergent validity (how well the research relates to other measures of the same construct), discriminant validity (how poorly the research relates to measures of opposing constructs), and nomological validity (how well the research relates to other variables as required by theory). †¢Internal validation, used primarily in experimental research designs, checks the relation between the dependent and independent variables (i. e. Did the experimental manipulation of the independent variable actually cause the observed results? †¢External validation checks whether the experimental results can be generalized. Validity implies reliability: A valid measure must be reliable. Reliability does not necessarily imply validity, however: A reliable measure does not imply that it is valid. [edit] Type s of errors Random sampling errors: †¢sample too small †¢sample not representative †¢inappropriate sampling method used †¢random errors Research design errors: †¢bias introduced †¢measurement error †¢data analysis error †¢sampling frame error †¢population definition error †¢scaling error †¢question construction error Interviewer errors: †¢recording errors cheating errors †¢questioning errors †¢respondent selection error Respondent errors: †¢non-response error †¢inability error †¢falsification error Hypothesis errors: †¢type I error (also called alpha error) othe study results lead to the rejection of the null hypothesis even though it is actually true †¢type II error (also called beta error) othe study results lead to the acceptance (non-rejection) of the null hypothesis even though it is actually false [edit] See also †¢Choice Modelling †¢Quantitative research †¢Qualitative research †¢Enterprise Feedback Management †¢Marketing research †¢mTAB †¢QuestionPro †¢Qualtrics Computer-assisted telephone interviewing †¢Computer-assisted personal interviewing †¢Automated computer telephone interviewing †¢Official statistics †¢Bureau of Labor Statistics †¢Questionnaires †¢Questionnaire construction †¢Paid survey †¢Data Mining †¢Brand strength analysis †¢NIPO Software †¢DIY research †¢SPSS †¢Online panel †¢Rating scale †¢Master of Marketing Research †¢Maximum Difference Preference Scaling †¢Urtak [edit] List of related topics †¢List of marketing topics †¢List of management topics †¢List of economics topics †¢List of finance topics †¢List of accounting topics [edit] References †¢Bradburn, Norman M. nd Seymour Sudman. Polls and Surveys: Understanding What They Tell Us (1988) †¢Converse, Jean M. Survey Research in the Unite d States: Roots and Emergence 1890-1960 (1987), the standard history †¢Glynn, Carroll J. , Susan Herbst, Garrett J. O'Keefe, and Robert Y. Shapiro. Public Opinion (1999) textbook †¢Oskamp, Stuart and P. Wesley Schultz; Attitudes and Opinions (2004) †¢James G. Webster, Patricia F. Phalen, Lawrence W. Lichty; Ratings Analysis: The Theory and Practice of Audience Research Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2000 †¢Young, Michael L. Dictionary of Polling: The Language of Contemporary Opinion Research (1992)

Theorys Emerson and Thoreau, Complete U.S. Citizens essays

Theorys Emerson and Thoreau, Complete U.S. Citizens essays Born in the United States one is given the privilege of being a U.S. citizen, but why holds on to the power if we dont even exercise it; the power to vote, the power of speech, and the power of choice. According to Emerson we dont trust ourselves enough to make our own decisions. Instead we resort to books, media, and peers to have them make the so called right decision. And because of this we are not nearly the citizens that we are meant to be. To be a complete citizen, we are called upon to make our own decision and be brave enough to speak what is on our mind, a statement that Emerson constantly strikes us with in his Self-Reliance essay. Citizens have the right to vote, but why sit and listen to all the long political speeches that are made up of half truths, and false promises. Instead why wont take a stand, question the leaders beliefs and make a statement so strong that would have them work for us. Instead we let them influence us and because of our insecurity they give us the orders and answers. When it is inside us that the answers are held. Citizens also posses the right of speech, something that only a few of us exercise. Because only those few have access to their true thoughts, a complete citizen would speak exactly what is on their mind expressing all their true feelings and not being scared of what others might think. They choose to be an individual and they choose to speak the mind, and by doing so they exercise both their rights of speech and the rights of choice. Thoreau on the other hand talks more about the government and that a citizen not be a no government man, but instead want and be a better government man. Thoreaus states must the citizens ever for a moment, or in the least degree, resigning his conscience you to legislator. This is where Emerson and Thoreaus ideas connect because if one does not exercise their right of speech a...

Hotel Description Location The Grand View Hotel Tourism Essays

Hotel Description Location The Grand View Hotel Tourism Essays Hotel Description Location The Grand View Hotel Tourism Essay Hotel Description Location The Grand View Hotel Tourism Essay The Grand View Hotel is a traditional hotel built in the 1950s offering traditional installations. It is sited on the seafront at a convenient location, which is near to its competition hotels and the chief shopping centre. Accessibility of the hotel is high. It is less than 30 proceedingss from the nearest airdrome and supported by good route, rail and coach associating to major metropoliss. The Grand View Hotel is a 250 suites constitution in which 200 are dual suites and 50 are king bedded suites, all includes private bathroom. The suites are of a good size, comfy and with different cosmetic manners. At present, there is a big garden and a little swimming pool in the hotel, parking infinite with a capacity of 120 autos is besides available. On top of that, there is a eating house which serves counter for breakfast and tiffin every bit good as a La menu for dinner. The anteroom sofa country is reasonably big which is suited to a concern type of hotel. There is besides a saloon ; nevertheless it is in hapless cosmetic order. There were several refurbishment plans launched which included the marks replacing, redevelopment and redecoration of forepart desk, eating house and saloon. By and large talking, the hotel is in good physical status except the forepart desk. On top of that, the hotel used to redecorate 25 guest suites each twelvemonth. Consistent Standard of Excellence: We will systematically supply our invitees with a superior quality merchandise and do a witting day-to-day attempt to be better than our competition. Personalized Guest Service: We will run into the specific meet of each invitee with a professional, friendly, prompt, gracious, and enthusiastic, attitude from all staff all times. Company Goals The intent and values of Grand Ford are to bring forth a multi-faceted success. Keeping the fiscal wellbeing of hotel by the rigorous control of all costs at all times without exclusion. Gain repute by supplying high quality of merchandises and services which beyond the invitees outlook. Increase the quality of the full work forces and cut down the staff turnover rate by supplying better staff preparation A ; benefit. Supply a antic and comfy environment to every valuable client in order to fulfill their demands. Company Aims In order to make our ends, several aims should foremost be achieved: Reduce the entire labour cost from 46 % to below 35 % within the first twelvemonth. Reduce the cost of gross revenues in F A ; B section to 35 % within the first twelvemonth. Reduce the one-year staff turnover rate from 102 % to 50 % within the first twelvemonth. Increase the mean room tenancy rate from 19 % to 55 % within 2 old ages and make the criterion of 70 % within four old ages. Human Resources Human Resources Policy The hotel is able to cut down labor costs and staff turnover by engaging the right individual for the right place at the right clip for the monetary value, or wage in another word. Training plans will be provided to staff mambers in order to heighten their public presentation therefore the guest satisfaction and eventually increasing profitableness. Organizational Structure Staffing It is known that decrease of staff can be a de-motivator, nevertheless, there will be a immense over staffing if we do non cut down any work force on such a low tenancy. It is planned to cut down serveral staff in some peculiar sections such as housework and front office. With the growing of concern and new coming building undertakings, the hotel will surely relocate and engage a certain munber of staff in order to keep a smooth day-to-day operation. Staffing degree will be monitored on a monthly footing in the first twelvemonth operation and quarterly in the remainder of the operation with high degree of flexibleness. Recruitment With the purpose of holding the most suited individual to be crew members who are able to bring forth an overall experience beyond invitees outlooks, both internal and external recruiting methods will be applied in the Grand View Hotel. Positive attitude, enthusiasm, outstanding interpersonal relationship and high criterion of making will be required for contraptions. Aiming to make the possible pool of contraptions, enrolling advertizement will be placed in industry diaries and in the hotel s official web site. For the internal readying, the hotel will reexamine the occupation analysis on a regular footing to guarantee that the paperss best describe the occupation and that they are decently prepared for effectual enlisting and choice procedure. On top of that, Torahs and ordinances will be taken under serious consideration during the procedure. Choice In order to be just and to acquire the most suited individual to make full up vacancies, a multi-hurdle scheme will be applied intending that riddance of campaigners during choice procedure will be based on the occupation specification. Interviews will be the most normally used tool to measure a campaigner. Furthermore, for external contraptions, occupation trials will be another method that the Grand View will utilize to choose an operational staff while group appraisals will be applied for the remainder. For internal choice significance publicity and resettlement of staff, possible employees public presentation and yesteryear records will be taken under consideration. Orientations Orientation plans are designed to supply new employees a clear way of their occupation and the hotel waies. The hotel can profit from a good orientation plan in footings of higher morale in the workplace therefore bettering the public presentation and the productiveness and hence a higher bottom line . Sing the above factors, orientation plans will be provided to each staff member within their probation period in the Grand View Hotel with the undermentioned elements. Aimed to better the accomplishments and public presentation of staff members, therefore heighten the clients comfort and satisfaction hence raise the repute and influence the gross of the hotel. Training for staff in all degrees is considered as the chief measure to accomplish ends. On the occupation preparation is one of the preparation methods that will be applied in the Grand View concentrating on operational and entry degree staff. It is effectual in both cost control and public presentation betterments as it is conducted during concern operation in existent work scenes. For managerial degree staff, group treatment and workshops will be utile in order to portion experience and maintain path of the hotel s operation by and large. All preparation plans will be reviewed on an one-year BASIC. Besides on-site preparation, off-site preparation is besides encouraged. The hotel will back up staff to take occupation relevant classs organized by recognized organisations. Staff Payroll We intend to keep an one-year staff paysheet with a upper limit of 35 % of entire gross. Salary of degree 1 will be offered to entry degree employees and degree 2 for section caputs for the first half twelvemonth in order to command costs. However, salary degrees will be adjusted harmonizing to the public presentation which will be reflected by the bottom line in order to actuate the staff and ecourage better public presentations. Salary decrease will remarkably be seen in the Grand View Hotel since this will de-motivate the employees and as a consequence, the staff turnover rate will increase. Environmental Scan Political The political environment includes such countries as authorities policies, political tendencies and internal political issues. The political environment is really stable and good for the hotel significance that the political state of affairs supports local concerns and constitutions. This is highly good for the hotel s hereafter because this means it can concentrate on pulling more markets intending more assortment in clients. We can besides concentrate on the client satisfaction which involves their demands and outlooks. September 11th had a immense impact in the touristry in the USA. The uncertainness of political state of affairs because of the September 11th attracts, have led possible clients to believe twice about going abroad or within the state itself. This has a immense consequence on the hotel s concern which we will besides hold to incorporate in to the analysis. Economic Since the chief industries of the country are Distribution/ Hospitality, Banking and Finance. We intend to run into the demand in these countries by offering assorted services particularly in the country of conferences since our mark market is concern costumiers during the weekdays. Unemployment degrees besides have a large consequence on the economic state of affairs. The employment degree is high particularly in the countries of management/professional and clerical/secretarial work. This in return AIDSs our hotel in the manner that the environment is safer due to the high employment rate and this attracts more travellers, giving us the chance to catch the attending of these clients, to maximise our gross. Social The employment degree is really high ; it is presently half of the national norm. A big proportion of the populations of that employment degree are in management/professional and clerical/secretarial occupations. But besides the employment degrees for skilled non-manual, skilled and semi-skilled manual work is besides high. But that is non the instance for unskilled employment. A big proportion of the population is households with the norm of 2 kids per household. Since one of the chief industries is Banking and Finance, we will be looking to pull concern travellers whose purpose is to turn up a convenient and appropriate belongings that accommodate their demands for a professional working atmosphere. Technological The uninterrupted altering universe of engineering can present a batch of menaces, but if the right actions are taken at the right clip it can besides be an chance. Technology can give us the competitory border in footings of conference and meeting equipment. Equipment is expensive, but with a big assortment of providers and different options like purchasing, leasing and renting, it can go a comparatively in expense manner of overhauling our installations. The hotel engineerings include fast wireless cyberspace, security cameras which guarantee the safety of the invitees, conference equipment, transit, and so on. We will besides seek to construct up and keep good dealingss with our technological and safety spouses to guarantee that when jobs do happen, that they can be solved every bit fast as possible. Legal In the United States there are 3 different sorts of legal systems. The first being Local statute law, the 2nd State statute law and the 3rd being Federal Legislations. There three have a immense sum of impact on how the hotel is run. The statute laws intending the Torahs that are imposed on the hotel include and are related to the operators of the hotel, consumers and employees. These 3 legal systems enforce assorted Torahs and ordinances which include the minimal pay, wellness and safety Torahs, anti-discrimination Torahs, employee rights and employer rights. Environmental The environmental facet is a really critical issue since it encompasses a broad scope of facets. It ranges from ecological issues to staff attitude/morale to environmental ordinances. This is where we split up the environmental issues into 2 subdivisions. They are internal and external. Internal is everything that is within the hotel that has a moderate sum of affect on the hotel. External is everything that affects the hotel coming from outside the four walls. Internal environment includes staff attitude and morale which has been low since the hapless public presentation of the hotel which can besides be seen from the high staff turnover. These will diminish enormously due to the new ordinances, preparation and vision of the hotel. External Environment includes environment ordinances which are set by local, province and federal statute laws which the hotel has to stay by. Selling Plan The selling program is a really of import usher to take a successful constitution. Our selling program will be based on the company s mark market, every bit good as the ends and aims of the belongings. Situation analysis: Internal environment The invitee suites, front desk, eating house and saloon, are all in hapless status. The eating house and the forepart desk were last refurbished 7 old ages ago. Merely 25 guestrooms were redecorated each twelvemonth, which demonstrates that the invitee suites are potentially non in the most desirable criterion and deficiency of modern comfortss. As the hotel is located in a popular country for conferences during both on and off seasons, there will be a really high demand of concern travellers. But when sing internally, there are no conference installations or any kind of concern services in the hotel. Furthermore, the guestrooms are non suited for keeping conferences or meetings. Those jobs have drawn the attending of the direction squad, and proper investings and buildings will be conducted in the really early phase of the operation in conformity with the aforementioned. By reexamining the information and statistical facts which were provided by the old proprietor, we found that the hotel tenancy was ever below the norm. On the other manus, the staff turnover rate was highly high, which means that the morale of the employees was unacceptable. The clients were all disappointed by the nutrient, the installations and the service quality of the hotel. As the repute of the hotel was bad, tenancy rate will necessarily be affected. In respects to the fiscal state of affairs, it was awful to see that the net income was turning negatively. Furthermore, there were plentifulness of long term debts and histories collectible, which even worsened the fiscal state of affairs of the hotel. Those liabilities should be of concern by the direction squad as they can potentially impact the approaching operation of the belongings. Customer environment Mentioning to the selling research and statistics, we found out that there are 2 chief types of clients, them being concern and leisure travelers. As the local country is going good known in footings of conferences, it is of import for us to recognize that many events will be held throughout the twelvemonth. Therefore, we predict that the demand for adjustment of the concern travellers will increase. Besides, we can see from the statistics that 80 % of the clients came for concern intents in the first one-fourth and more than 50 % for the full twelvemonth. In add-on, around 154,000 of those travelled during the weekdays harmonizing to the research provided by local Chamber of Commerce and Tourist Board, which contributed the most to the client base. These factors and Numberss provided us with important information about the importance of puting in concern and in conference installations. Besides, the hotel is located along the seafront, merely 30 proceedingss off from the airdrome, t herefore the leisure travellers will besides be our chief clients as our belongings can easy be accessed by the clients due to the geographical ground. Tourists presents are anticipating more they are willing to pass more in order to acquire better experiences for their stay. By this, we reckon that services and installations rank the first when it comes to taking hotels. Therefore our upcoming investings, buildings, and schemes would be tailored for our clients in order to fulfill or even to transcend their outlooks. SWOT analysis Strengths Convenient location for clients because of the nearby airdrome and first-class conveyance links. Prefect locale for conferences. Having the biggest capacity while comparing with the rivals within the same country. Failing Lack of development in footings of installations and services. No clear guidelines and competent direction squad to run the hotel. High turnover rate. Poor image and repute. Poor and inconsistent service. Limited fiscal support. Of hapless status including the forepart desk, eating houses, guest suites. Low liquidness and high liabilities. Opportunities Plenty of conventions and events will be held within the country. New engineerings to cut down the operation cost. Fast market growing Menaces The ever-changing market tendencies and demands. Government ordinances and Torahs which may curtail enlargements and developments Economic instability New entrants Target Market: The chief mark markets of the Grand View Hotel are Business and Leisure travellers. Particular bundles and installations will besides be promoted to pull the clients. Marketing Mix: 4Ps Merchandise As Grand View Hotel will be a 3 diamonds hotel, we provide different installations to suit with the demands of the market. We guarantee that the services will be delivered with high quality and all the employees will be trained for heightening the accomplishments and cognition. . The Grand View hotel has 200 Double suites and 50 King suites, a eating house, a sofa and a saloon. We besides provide room services, conference installations, fittingness installations including a fittingness nine and a swimming pool. Furthermore, parking infinites are besides available. Some of the installations will be constructed within one twelvemonth and we plan to invariably renovating the invitee suites and to supply more comfortss and amusement. There will be besides some alterations for the eating house so as to supply better services. Different bundles will be provided to pull more invitees, such as Honeymoon bundles, conference bundles every bit good as leisure traveller bundles in order to diversify our client base. Monetary value As there is high snap of demand in the cordial reception industry, it s a large challenge to set up the most appropriate monetary value. Therefore, the monetary value should be flexible to manage and suit in different mark markets. The room rate will be modified seasonally harmonizing to the demand and from the environing rivals every bit good. Particular monetary value and price reduction will be offered for big group and concern travellers. But, the groups have to discourse with the gross revenues section for more inside informations. The monetary value for the regular invitees will be consistent to maintain their trueness. The leisure travellers will be upgraded for free during the low seasons and besides free usage of the installations depends on the demand and season. The price reduction will be offered for weekends. The monetary value will be differentiates at different times. But, the chief thought for the monetary value is to maximise the gross but besides to fulfill our invitees. Topographic point The location of the hotel is fixed. The hotel is sited along the seafront, near to other hotels and a short distance from the chief shopping centre, and besides it is near the airdrome and with good conveyance links to major metropoliss and other resorts. Furthermore, the country of the resort has become a popular location for conferences, both in and out season. It s besides the best topographic point for keeping conferences which includes conference installations, fittingness nine, good substructure and superstructure in the metropolis, and a antic sea position. We will supply shuttle coach to take clients from the airdrome and to the airdrome every 30 proceedingss from 6a.m to 1a.m. Promotion We will advance through direct and indirect distribution channels. We will near our possible clients who are already targeted through the direct gross revenues call and mail, to pass on with them and happen out what s best suited for them. And so, we will besides publicize in local newspapers and concern imperativeness to allow people cognize about the hotel. Furthermore, we will besides set the hotel on the Local Visitor Guide to pull more transeunt invitees and topographic point postings throughout Stationss and airdromes. Furthermore, we will pay the Public Relation Agency to happen more possible clients and transeunt clients from all over the universe. We will utilize different advertisement media depending on different conditions for different markets. Furthermore, we will put up our ain hotel web site so that the possible invitees can hold entree to the hotel easier. Competitive advantages: As we are traveling to be a 3 diamond hotel, we are traveling to supply quality services and comfy atmosphere for our clients, and re-create clients satisfaction and professional image. The employees are the 1s to present the quality service so they will be trained to be professional and efficient by effectual preparation plans. As the employees can larn by working and preparation, they will be motivated and the morale will increase in order to supply and give the best services to the invitees. Furthermore, the invitees can besides maintain their memorable and happy experiences with us. These factors will lend to our singularity among our rivals and derive the repute. The Grand View hotel will supply many different concern services and installations such as photocopying, stationary preparing, direct dial phone, facsimile, etcaˆÂ ¦ Furthermore, we have a fittingness nine, including a swimming pool, step mounting machines, treadmills, fittingness walking, etcaˆÂ ¦ Since our hotel focuses to a great extent on our invitee suites, we will supply a broad scope of invitee comfortss and amusements. We try our best to keep a really competitory border and we strive to be the best amongst our rivals with our comfy guestrooms and quality services. Action Plan In order to turn around the worst state of affairs that we are confronting presently, we are traveling to make several revolutions, investings and buildings harmonizing to the selling program and seek to better and derive back the repute within the first operating twelvemonth. The first action that we are traveling to make is to set the staff Numberss of different sections since effectual staffing agenda can salvage the hotel twelve of money. In order to schedule the staff efficaciously due to the low tenancy, the figure of staff in nutrient and drink, hotel service and front desk will be cut down. The chief end for the F A ; B section is to maximise gross. For that to go on, the first action that will be taken is that employees are required to take part in legion preparation Sessionss ( developing plan 3 ) , which include general preparation for illustration up merchandising, but besides on the occupation preparation and coaching which will be carried out by the supervisors and/or the F A ; B director. Targets will be set for each and every employee, which they will hold to accomplish. If these marks or demands are non met so some disciplinary actions will hold to be taken, and this will be done in the signifier of farther preparation and coaching Sessionss but besides terrible employee ratings. The bill of fare types will be shortened ( Menu type 1 ) , to guarantee that we can minimise our costs but besides we will happen a right provider with the right quality for the right monetary value ( Supplier type 2 ) to guarantee that we find the perfect equilibrium between the qua lity of our nutrient and the production cost and the merchandising monetary value. All these determination will be in affect every bit shortly as we reopen the hotel. Revision of Standard runing processs will be set in topographic point to guarantee velocity, quality and to fulfill invitees to the fullest. Furthermore, we will make the renovation ( flat 2 ) of the suites and front desk upon we start the operation in order to make better working environment to our staff and more gratifying lodging locale to our clients. The renovations will include the new cosmetic strategy. Replace rugs, drapes, linen, light adjustments, deep clean other trappingss. Paint woodwork and ceilings, wallpaper walls. We are be aftering to renovate 50 suites every twelvemonth. In order to supply a better lodging experience to our clients, the in room amusements and comfortss will be added into service. Since our first mission is to pull the invitees to come to our hotel and addition repute by our first-class services and installations. As advertisement helps to advance our hotel, therefore we are traveling to make our advertisement in conformity with the most profitable market seasonably. First of wholly, we will make our advertisement through the local newspaper, concern imperativeness and direct mail in the first three months. We will concentrate on advertise the weekday and weekend suites, and besides the repast. Since the above media are the most effectiveness in advertise the suites and repast, therefore we will utilize those media for our first advertisement. Hazard Appraisals and Control Hazards are inevitable. We have to place different hazards to avoid and cut down the possibility of hazards happening. Investing in insurance is indispensable because if these hazards occur, it will be more and at the same clip impact the repute of our hotel. Here are some hazard appraisals identified: Asset A ; Property hazards There are some hazards, such as fire, detonation, offense or natural catastrophes such as hurricanes, inundations and tsunamis which could perchance happen and destruct our assets and belongings. Legal hazards Large sum of money are being won in consumer, single cases and in category action suits. Our hotel is apt to its employees, its invitees and, in some cases, to the general populace. Bomb menace After the 911 incident, the United States has the indispensable hazard of more terrorist onslaughts. Economic Crisis menace A loss sum of money may be happened due to the economic sciences crisis of state. For illustration: the great depression. Escape of private and confidential information of the hotel There are a batch of private and confidential information of the hotel and there is a hazard of employees leaking out the other information which can greatly impact the concern of our hotel. Budget 1st twelvemonth Premises: Room Division Wholly 50 suites under redevelopment Contribution to gross: 65 % Food and Beverage Department Cost per centum: 35 % Contribution to gross: 35 % Gross saless Room 4,823,174 Food A ; Bev 2,597,094 7,420,268 Cost of Gross saless Room 353,246 Food A ; Bev 908,983 908,983 Payroll A ; Related Room 558,495 Food A ; Bev 506,584 1,065,079 Gross Profit less Wagess Room 3,911,433 Food A ; Bev 1,181,527 5,092,960 Cardinal Admin Payroll 154,140 Other Direct Costss 256,250 Income before Fixed Charges 4,682,570 Entire Fixed Costss 674,325 Income before Taxes 4,008,245 Business Tax Paid 1,202,473 Income after Business Taxes 2,805,771 2nd twelvemonth Premises: Average room rate states the same Average tenancy increased to 55 % New installations: in room mini saloon, 2nd saloon, informations point, speedy cheque in/out, store concern service and extra parking country Gross saless Room 5,863,284 Food A ; Bev 3,420,249 Other 1,465,821 9,772,140 Cost of Gross saless Room 353,246 Food A ; Bev 1,197,087 Other 879,493 2,076,580 Payroll A ; Related Room 609,450 Food A ; Bev 506,584 Other 34,000 1,150,034 Gross Profit less Wagess Room 4,900,588 Food A ; Bev 1,716,578 Other 552,328 7,169,494 Cardinal Admin Payroll 154,140 Other Direct Costss 678,250 Income before Fixed Charges 6,337,104 Entire Fixed Costss 674,325 Income before Taxes 5,662,779 Business Tax Paid 1698834 Income after Business Taxes 3,963,945 3rd twelvemonth Premises Average room rate states the same Average tenancy increased to 62 % New installations: wellness nine, conference and map suites Gross saless Room 6,570,348 Food A ; Bev 3,832,703 Other 1,642,587 10,950,580 Cost of Gross saless Room 353,246 Food A ; Bev 1,341,446 Other 985,552 2,326,998 Payroll A ; Related Room 738,899 Food A ; Bev 680,428 Other 85,000 1,504,327 Gross Profit less Wagess Room 5,478,203 Food A ; Bev 1,810,829 Other 572,035 7,861,067 Cardinal Admin Payroll 154,140 Other Direct Costss 1,613,625 Income before Fixed Charges 6,093,302 Entire Fixed Costss 674,325 Income before Taxes 5,418,977 Business Tax Paid 1625693 Income after Business Taxes 3,793,284 4th twelvemonth Premises Average room rate states the same Average tenancy increased to 70 % Gross saless Room 7,394,419 Food A ; Bev 4,313,411 Other 1,848,605 12,324,032 Cost of Gross saless Room 353,246 Food A ; Bev 1,509,694 Other 1,109,163 2,618,857 Payroll A ; Related Room 834,449 Food A ; Bev 680,428 Other 85,000 1,599,877 Gross Profit less Wagess Room 6,206,724 Food A ; Bev 2,123,289 Other 654,442 8,984,455 Cardinal Admin Payroll 154,140 Other Direct Costss 1,634,000 Income before Fixed Charges 7,196,315 Entire Fixed Costss 674,325 Income before Taxes 6,521,990 Business Tax Paid 1,956,597 Income after Business Taxes 4,565,393

Free Essays on Hide Away Island

Hide Away Island Slowly I rowed my canoe toward Hide Away Island, my island. The oars glided gently over the water making ripples. If you had been standing on the shore looking at the scene, I’m sure you would have found it very beautiful. The water reflected the setting sun, and overhead birds flew. I didn’t take the time to enjoy the beauty though, because I know with each stroke of the oars, I got closer to my destination. The minute my canoe scraped the sandy ground, I let out, and tied it securely to a branch. Grabbing my pack, I began my journey to my fort. I first built the fort when I was ten, all by myself, but the fort was really Chad’s idea. Chad was my big brother. He’s the one who really discovered Hide Away Island, but he shared it with me. It was our secret, mom, and dad never knew about it. They still don’t know. Of course, they never did bother much with us; they’re always too busy arguing with each other. Vacations here at Lake Patoka were supposed to bring us together, but it seems like they just make mom, and dad fight more. Chad and I would go to Hide Away Island just to get away from them. Now I go alone. As I approach the fort a sense of relief sweeps over me. I set down my gear, and begin to settle in for the night. â€Å"Want some help?† a voice said startling me. I looked up, and saw a boy about my age standing there. â€Å"Sorry if I scared you,† he apologized. â€Å"You didn’t, and no, I don’t want help,† I said getting back to my work. â€Å"Yeah, I Guess I didn’t scare you,† he said not going away. â€Å"After all, you need to be really brave to spend the night here, on Bamboozle Island,† he said as I rolled out my sleeping bag. â€Å"It’s Hide Away Island, not Bamboozle Island,† I corrected. â€Å"No, its real name is Bamboozle Island. It’s a pretty interesting story, if you want to hear it,† he said, and continued without waiting for my answer. â€Å"It got its name way before the Rev... Free Essays on Hide Away Island Free Essays on Hide Away Island Hide Away Island Slowly I rowed my canoe toward Hide Away Island, my island. The oars glided gently over the water making ripples. If you had been standing on the shore looking at the scene, I’m sure you would have found it very beautiful. The water reflected the setting sun, and overhead birds flew. I didn’t take the time to enjoy the beauty though, because I know with each stroke of the oars, I got closer to my destination. The minute my canoe scraped the sandy ground, I let out, and tied it securely to a branch. Grabbing my pack, I began my journey to my fort. I first built the fort when I was ten, all by myself, but the fort was really Chad’s idea. Chad was my big brother. He’s the one who really discovered Hide Away Island, but he shared it with me. It was our secret, mom, and dad never knew about it. They still don’t know. Of course, they never did bother much with us; they’re always too busy arguing with each other. Vacations here at Lake Patoka were supposed to bring us together, but it seems like they just make mom, and dad fight more. Chad and I would go to Hide Away Island just to get away from them. Now I go alone. As I approach the fort a sense of relief sweeps over me. I set down my gear, and begin to settle in for the night. â€Å"Want some help?† a voice said startling me. I looked up, and saw a boy about my age standing there. â€Å"Sorry if I scared you,† he apologized. â€Å"You didn’t, and no, I don’t want help,† I said getting back to my work. â€Å"Yeah, I Guess I didn’t scare you,† he said not going away. â€Å"After all, you need to be really brave to spend the night here, on Bamboozle Island,† he said as I rolled out my sleeping bag. â€Å"It’s Hide Away Island, not Bamboozle Island,† I corrected. â€Å"No, its real name is Bamboozle Island. It’s a pretty interesting story, if you want to hear it,† he said, and continued without waiting for my answer. â€Å"It got its name way before the Rev...

Food inquiry Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Food inquiry - Movie Review Example She always does the best editing job that will always be appealing to the public and she has edited the annual Best Food Writing series since the year 2000. She is the author of Frommer’s 500 Places for Food and Wine Lovers. The last year 2012 review was her twelfth year of the Best Food Writing series and is an enjoyable anthology of all times. There were contributors like John T. Edge, an accomplished author, Deb Perelman of Smitten Kitchen, one of the most popular bloggers, amongst other several levels of notoriety. One can easily appreciate her writing styles and skills, the diversity of topics and sources that are incorporated in her collection which provides a rich, complete and captivating representation of the best food writing scenario. There are many pieces in the Best Food Writing that are from popular books like Tomato land, A Spoonful of Promises, An Everlasting Meal amongst others. She has also incorporated pieces from New York Times, popular food magazines like Food and Wine. There are also very interesting pieces from non-traditional food writing sources which are incorporated in her collection. There is a variety of contributions whose approach ranges from light-hearted to serious and part of these are Maureen O’Hagan’s topic of Childhood Obesity as she focuses on two obese teens, giving a clear perspective on junk food and effects of overeating among the population. Joel Stein writes hilarious food reflections and entertains as he reveals in his piece how he found his manhood through barbecue, Kevin Pang’s story of an upcoming chef, Brandon Baltzeley, who struggles with the addiction of cocaine, and David Leite writes about his thanksgiving baking catastrophes. This series has always included many online writers over the years into its page and giving credit as well as recognizing authors who mainly digitally publish their work. Pieces like those of

RA #8 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

RA #8 - Assignment Example We can also derive suitable instincts by establishing a balance between emotions and intellect (Hayashi 9). The information about how emotions can enhance intuitive decision-making can help me to improve my creative problem solving skills. Indeed, balancing my emotions will allow me to use my creativity and professionalism in solving problems. Moreover, balancing my emotions will allow me to research and apply relevant knowledge in making decisions that defines creative problem solving. The ability to recognize similar universal patterns across disparate fields is another interesting topic that I encountered in the reading (Hayashi 8). Indeed, such abilities enhance professional judgments. Identifying universal patterns in decision-making is a rare trait that many executives lack or disregard. There are standards and patterns that define intuitive decision making in diverse fields. The ability to identify these universal patterns can enable individuals to make homogenous and suitable decisions within short time. The information about universal patterns of making decisions across different fields can help me to improve my creative problem solving skills since I will possess the unique ability to solve different problems in a standard, suitable, and faster manner. The information will help me to establish a decision making culture that will depict my creativity in addressing various

Burger King Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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Situational Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

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Visual Anaysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Visual Anaysis - Essay Example One of the objectives of modern art is to express the artist’s thoughts and emotions by following what is deemed right by the artist wherein to cubists, form alone defines the subject thus, the use of geometric figures to bring out the form of the subject matter. Juan Gris, a Spanish cubist artist portrayed a self portrait of the bench marker of the cubism period, Pablo Picasso, in the vantage point of their contemporaries with the same vision in his work entitled Portrait of Pablo Picasso (The Art Institute of Chicago). The general form of the painting shows a man seated and exhibits him to be well dressed though not very recognizable for a viewer to really be sure of what details one can decipher from the painting. As what would have been expected from a cubist, Gris used a lot of lines, cubes and other geometric figures to bring out the three dimensional view of his subject however, distorting the real appearance of the image. Being called analytical, the cubist painters we re said to have analyzed their subject to come up with the products like the aforementioned art work and among others, Mandolin and Clarinet by Pablo Picasso and Armored Train in Action by Gino Severini.

Situational Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Situational Leadership - Essay Example Firstly, I need to be aware of all teachers’ skills and competencies as well as experience in the field of their respective teaching. Usually, organizational change is a complex phenomenon and has to be dealt in a systematic manner. The concept of situational leadership provides a framework for effective change leadership by identifying six stages of concern, which when addressed appropriately can help in successful implementation of any organizational change (Blanchard, 2010). Besides these stages of concern, the developmental level in the change process of each individual staff member needs to be considered (Baca & Cervantes, 1998). Based on these developmental levels, stages of concern model proposed by Hershey and Blanchard can be used for change implementation (Olson, 2008). For instance, staff with information concerns needs to be given complete information so that they can decipher the sequence of events and be able to arrive at logical reasoning behind the tasks/events . Secondly, people with personal concerns are usually worried about the impact of events/tasks or change upon themselves. These groups, usually the new teachers, are also concerned about their own abilities to cope with the change.

External and Internal Environmental Analysis of Caribou Coffee Essay

External and Internal Environmental Analysis of Caribou Coffee - Essay Example fee followed the rules and regulations of American government in an efficient way, the introduction of disabilities act affected the functioning of the organization to a considerable extent. This was owing to the fact that after the introduction of this law, the management of Caribou Coffee had to offer uniform wages to all of its employees irrespective of any disability, which enhanced the total operating revenue (Scribd, n.d.). However, it also assisted the organization to minimize discrimination within its workplace and maintain uniformity. Besides, introduction of licensing helped Caribou Coffee to maintain safety and security within the functions of the organization, resulting in the overall augmentation of its corporate image and distinctiveness among other competitors in the beverage segment (Caribou Coffee Company, n.d.). Due to the recent inflation that occurred in the US, the income rates and living standards of the citizens declined to a considerable extent leading to the lowering of buying behavior of the customers. As a result, the total sales of Caribou Coffee reduced by 0.2 million to 63 million, resulting in the decline in its profitability and productivity by a significant extent (Scribd, n.d.). The society of America is highly passionate about coffee not only in the social gatherings but also in professional discussions. The prime aspect behind this is to enhance the friendliness and affection within the co-members of the group. Coffee is not only regarded as a stimulator in the American society, but is often considered to be a cause of gathering to revitalize long term relationship (Scribd, n.d.). This reason can further be regarded as a vital motivating factor for organizations including Caribou Coffee for creating their mission towards offering a refreshing coffee to the American population (Caribou Coffee Company, 2012). Modernization has apparently led to the introduction of varied types of inventive equipments and technologies within the

Critique on What Ive Learned from Men Essay Example for Free

Critique on What Ive Learned from Men Essay In the article â€Å"What I’ve Learned from Men. † The author Barbara Ehrenreich defines and roots her essay on things women can learn from men. She upholds that men influence women to become tough because of all the conflicts and arguments between the genders that make women recognize they are too ladylike when they are in a battle with men. She also explains that women should learn to get tough and take credit when they have accomplished or succeeded in a certain task and not just blame it on luck. Unfortunately, the article â€Å"What I’ve Learned from Men† is fruitless because the author hasn’t displayed any credible sources that support what she is claiming and also exhibits an amount of logical fallacies. First of all, there are several logical fallacies found in the article, which shows us why Barbara’s article is ineffectual. â€Å"I, a full-grown feminist†¦had behaved like a ninny-or, as I now understand it, like a lady. † This sentence is an example of Ad Hominem. The reason is that she refers to herself as a ninny, a foolish person, or in other words as a lady. Thus, she is attacking herself and all the other ladies who experience a similar event rather than the argument. Identically, the sentence â€Å"we spend a great deal of time acting like a wimp. † is another example of Ad Hominem. Another example is the entire fifth paragraph, â€Å"Think, for example†¦fascination for us. † This is clearly an example of Hasty Generalization where the author has referred the actors Mel Gibson, John Travolta and Marlon Brando as people who don’t talk and care about others feelings so, therefore, this has to be the same situation with us. But, there is no relation between them and us. Moreover, a good example of slippery slope is also present in the article. â€Å"If you’re not sure what to do with your face in the meantime, study Clint Eastwood’s expressions—both of them. † The reason is that the solution (study Clint Eastwood’s expressions) has nothing to do with the problem (what to do with your face). The first step does not lead to the second step and there is no connection between the two steps. Finally, there is an example of a Post-Hoc fallacy in the article. â€Å"If you take the credit you deserve†¦fully intend to do so again. † There is a connection between two ideas in the sentence. That is, if you take the credit for accomplishing something then this will result to being confident and succeeding again and again. Following this further, we will shift to the other claim of why the article is ineffective, which is the lack of supportive and credible sources. The author is not credible since all the information she supplied in her article is from her own experience and not from a well-known book or study. Hence, people will face difficulties in trusting whatever the author is saying in the article and especially males, since the independent variable in the article is men. â€Å"Sociologists have observed that in male-female social interactions it’s the woman who throws out leading questions and verbal encouragements. † This sentence has no proof, evidence or reference. So the author cannot just state this point without backing it up with proof. Logically, you can find men who are similar to this statement and women who are as well. Finally, this shows that the author is not demonstrating information and details with evidence and proof. Thus, this is another reason why the author’s article is ineffective. In conclusion, the article is fruitless since the author hasn’t supplied it with credible and supportive sources and references; as well as the presence of several amounts of logical fallacies and also of different types. This affected her argument badly and her reasoning just showed that she is trying to strengthen her opinion rather than strengthening her argument. Likewise, if the author has a very good experience in such topics but fails to have a good logical reasoning, the article’s reputation will be disrupted critically. Finally, the article should contain all these points so that it can be strong; and so that she can promote in what she believes in.

Relation between change management and emotional intelligence

Relation between change management and emotional intelligence Introduction Every business need to go through changes in the comparative business environment , this may happen different ways in different organisations, some of organisations may imposing the changes on workforces, such as redundant, salary review. Others may focus on re-engineer or re-structure business model. However, change management is the basic skills for managers and leader to adopt; it is essential approach to organisation to implement. ( ) define change management as The systematic approach and application of knowledge, tools and resources to deal with change. Change management means defining and adopting corporate strategies, structures, procedures and technologies to deal with changes in external conditions and the business environment. There are different change management models been published, such as Kanters 10 commandments, Pettigrew 5 factors, Kotters 8 failure and success factors . Similarly, at the beginning stage of change models, it is essential to create vision to change then motivate employees to accept, act and attain the change. It is not easy as says. People have good reason to resistant the changes, because the nature of change , include the risk and uncertainty, which most of people do not like that, also different people have the different preferences, some people like to stay where they are, these people can be named as stability oriented. Some people may resistance to change for emotional reasons, for instance, someone doesnt like to change job, because he/ she doesnt want someone else to tell them what to do. SARA Model Therefore, when the change is undergoing, people tend to go through a series of stages, people call it as SARA Model: S- hcok A- nger R- ejection A- cceptance Shock: It is nature for people to face the shock, when it comes across the changes, confusion or disorientation is symptom in this stage. Anger: it expresses in different ways, employee may anger with oneself or others, in particular, people close to them, they need to show the feeling when the change happen. Rejection: in some case, at first, people would like to reject the change rather to accept it instantly. In this stage, the rejection not only appear on the action, also include the denial of emotional impact. Acceptance: in the stage, people able to accept the change and adopt it. It also involved the negative acceptance, such as resign for work. The key principle advocated by the change management theory is communication; it is significant to keep employees informed completely before the change happens, the managers should prepare themselves to deal with employees reaction in the change process. It is not simply get people together and give orders, the manager need to monitor employees emotion in different stages of SARA model. Emotion and Emotional Intelligence Emotion is the power to drive the employees actions in the organisation; it is also the primary driving force behind motivation. Managers need to be aware of employees emotion movement, be able to understand it, then control the emotion in certain level to maintain the relationship, teamwork and work efficiency. The development of the reading and express emotions along with management skills will improve motivation for employee and increase the productivity for organisation. In 1980s psychologists, evolutionary biologists, psychiatrists, scientists had identified a series of human capacities related to emotions. By 1983, a psychologist, Howard Gardner from Harvard university, who identified the multiple intelligence, as ( ) claimed it has seven kind of intelligence, include two personal varieties: knowing ones inner world and social adeptness. The term emotional Intelligence was introduced by two psychologists, John D. Mayer and Peter Salovey in 1990, they define the Emotional Intelligence as the set of abilities that account for how peoples emotional perception and understanding vary in their accuracy. More formally, emotional intelligence as the ability to perceive and express emotion, assimilate emotion in thought, understand and reason with emotion, and regulate emotion in the self and others. ( ) In contrast, in 1995, Daniel Goleman published a book called emotional intelligence: why it can matter than IQ, which became the best-seller internationally, ( ) claimed the emotional intelligence as the abilities called here emotional intelligence, which include self control, zeal and persistence, and the ability to motivate oneself. Theories of Emotional Intelligence Mayer-Salovey ability model In 1997 , John D. Mayer and Peter Salovey proposed the Mayer-Salovey ability model, it include four level. Show as below: Perception and Expression of Emotion Assimilating Emotion in Thought Understanding and Analysing Emotion Reflective Regulation of Emotion Perception and Expression of Emotion: the most basic level of emotional intelligence, it involve the perception and appraisal of emotion. For example, in the organisation, managers should able to identifying oneself and employees emotion and interpret it, in order to maintain the synergy within the organisation. Assimilating Emotion in Thought: the second level of emotional intelligence, it is the capacity of emotions to enter into cognitive thinking, use the emotion to communicate feelings. According to ( ) said the emotions prioritize thinking, for example, sometimes, people tend to respond to things emotionally, not rationally. It is something manager should pay attention. Understanding and Anglicising emotion: the third level of emotional intelligence, understand and reasoning about the emotion, for instance, happy, anger, sad, fear. It is important for managers to recognise the emotions, aware how employee unfold them and reason about them. Reflective Regulation of Emotion: it is the highest level of emotional intelligence, it involve the management and regulation of emotion in oneself and others. Mangers should utilise these skills into workplace, manage the employees emotion and motivate them to work effectively. The Bar-On Theory Unlike Mayer-Salovey ability model seen the EQ as abilities in different level, the Psychologist Reuven Bar-On ( ) viewed the emotional intelligence as array of nonncognative capabilities, competencies, and skills that influence ones ability to succeed in coping with environment demands and pressures. Bar-On identified five functional areas which are essential to emotional intelligence, show as following: ( ) Intrapersonal Skills Interpersonal skills Adaptability Scales Stress- Management Scales General Mood Bar-On Emotional Intelligence Theory Intrapersonal skills include emotional self-awareness, assertiveness, self-regards, self-actualization and independence. Interpersonal skills, there are interpersonal relationships, social responsibility and empathy. Adaptability scales cover problem solving, reality testing and flexibility. Stress-management scales involve stress tolerance and impulse control. General mood, happiness and optimism are two keys. Bar-On ( ) believes that if people go through appropriate training, emotional intelligence ability can be improved, furthermore, he believes that EQ along with IQ, construct the general intelligence of human beings. Bar-On developed the first measure of emotional intelligence, called Emotional Quotient Inventory. Individual with high EQ are more likely to meet the environment demands, which Bar-On (1997) explains Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQi) related to the potential to succeed rather than success itself. Daniel Goleman emotional intelligence model Daniel Goleman is a psychologist and journalist, he had published a book called Working with Emotional Intelligence, and the book became the best seller on both Atlantic. In the book, he created popular emotional intelligence model as below: Knowing Ones Emotions Management Emotions Motivating Oneself Recognizing Emotions in Others Handling Relationship Knowing Ones Emotions: it involving self- awareness, which means recognising emotion. It is the key for managers to aware employees emotions; it is also cover the ability to monitor the movement of emotion. Managing Emotions: It is the ability to handling emotions in appropriate way as process of self awareness building. It also means to give sympathy to someone or oneself when some one in difficulties, and mange to get rid of anxiety, gloom and irritability. Motivating Oneself: Organising emotions in the service of goal is important for self-motivation and creativity. According to ( ) it help to delaying gratification and stifling impulsiveness, and being able to perform well in different works and get into the flow state. Recognising emotions in others: it is the basic interpersonal skills, such as empathy. People who have empathic awareness are accustomed to spot others needs and wants. Handling Relationships: it require the skills in managing relationship and emotions, it is also the ability to interact with others effectively and smoothly. Emotional Intelligence personal relationship EQ is involved how to deal, perceive, understand and manage the emotions, it is helping individual in their relationship. In particular, for the manager to have emotional intelligence competencies, because managers need to engage with employees to achieve agreed goals, they can not work alone. Managers with higher EQ are more likely to be in flow and happy, they able to keep the positive mood, aware the negative mood, have better social life, and better relationship with subordinates. Because, higher EQ managers are able to motivate others through effective teamwork, encourage subordinate to achieve the pleasurable goals. Manger with lower EQ are likely express their feels and emotions in inappropriate way, they face trouble reading the body language, and low sensitivity about their and others feelings and emotion. Mangers with lower EQ whose tend to use authority to create the distance between themselves and subordinates, which is unfavourable for the organisation. Emotional Intelligence transformational leadership Transformational leadership seen as ( ) the ability to bring about significant change. It is relevant in the context of change management. As claimed ( ) transformational leaders able to manage changes in organisations strategy, culture, as well as employees motivation. Transformational leaders provide more freedom to employees, they focus on the intangible element, for instance the vision, value, building solid relationships, rather than controlling the employee by rules, incentives, power. Moreover, the emotional intelligence plays a critical role in the transformational leadership. There are four characteristics for transformational leader when they adopt emotional intelligence. The transformational leader able to provide a vision which desired in the future, it is the vision significantly better and appropriate than other ones. By using emotional intelligence ability, leaders communicate to employees in the way that the difficulties of change can be solved and the effort of change is worth. Transformational leadership moves employee more motivated, employees given opportunity to control, transformational leaders able to motivate employees focus on their own mission and goals, also define the boundaries within it which employee can accomplish it in the relative degree of freedom. Transformational leadership shift the employees concerns from the lower hierarchy of needs (physical needs, safety needs )to higher hierarchy of needs(self-esteem and self-actualization), which means the transformational leader not only meet the lower need through better salary, better working place, these leaders with emotional intelligence also pay attention to employees attitude in terms of personal growth and development. Transformational leaders motivate employees to do more than others, which encourage them to go beyond the self- interests to contribute the organisation. Emotional intelligence transformational leaders able to create the awareness of importance of changes, therefore when the employees admire their leaders, they have high level of trust in transformational leaders, they are positive and confidence about the changes confronted, it leads to willing contribute the organisation beyond the self-interest. Emotional Intelligence Leadership skills As ( ) found that a leader with high EQ is more effective than a leader with high cognitive capability, leaders with high EQ know and understand the secrets of the heart, they have developed what called an educated heart, a sense of personal and social responsibility. Therefore, Leaders with higher emotional intelligence performance better in certain skills, three main significant skills mentioned below: Self-awareness: it enable managers to accurate understand their strength and weakness, self awareness is also related to impulse control and tolerance stress. High EQ managers should able to cope with the difficult and challenging situation. Care Employee: it involves making the ease environment, and making employee relax. It is help to manager control impulse with regard to anger and others emotion, and make employee happy while they work, as a result to increase better teamwork and productivity. Relationship building skills: it is ability to build the relationship with people around which involve inside and outside the organisation. It also involve impulse control and stress tolerance skills, which is the key to in interpersonal managers, it is similar concept as above mentioned Daniel Goleman emotional intelligence model. Critics of Emotional Intelligence Goleman (1995) claims that if we look at sets variables of emotional intelligence persistence, warmth, optimism and so forth. We can predict important life outcomes. The way to interpret the claim is that people with more emotional intelligence traits are likely to be success in the life or workplace. The different traits such as empathy motivation, assertive, tolerance, optimistic, sociability, attention to details, extroversion and so forth, contribute to success. However, Barrick and Mount (1991) carried out research of 24.000 workers, they found top three personality trait which related to emotional intelligence traits which mentioned above. They found altruism and modesty were not related to job success, and extroversion, it include the good feeling and warmth were not predict the success for lawyers, teachers, although it is work in sales people. In addition, some of the series of traits may conflict, for instance people with higher demand to goals may have lower in cooperatio n, furthermore , it is not necessary means that organisation to recruit employee with higher emotional intelligence can be success, because when HR department prepare the job description, according to ( ) traits such as people skills, initiative, and persuasiveness appear in 67% of job description.. So, Golemans claim regarding emotional intelligence is seem like overblown, people with higher emotional intelligence can not be predicted the future success. Secondly, Goleman (1998) claims that Outstanding leaders emotional competencies make up to 85% to 100% of the competencies crucial for success. It not necessary true , because leader not only need to have emotional intelligence, they are also look for opportunity to allow them to lead effectively, and the success leaders always looking for better way to improve their performance. However, as ( ) mentioned clearly, there is link between an individuals ability to manage and generate emotions and leadership. In other hand ( ) discuss that the important of individualized consideration as an aspect of transformational leadership and identify charisma as an aspect of leadership. It means that individual consideration and charisma also the important factor for success leadership. Conclusion Overall, in the first part report, it has clear analysis the relation between change management and emotional intelligence, the organisation need to deal with changes all the time, they need to adopt appropriate strategy, structure, procedures to manage change, the report also mention the change management models, such as Kanters 10 commandments, Pettigrew 5 factors, Kotters 8 failure and success factors, and SARA model. At the second part, it focus on how managers communicate undergoing changing process, the way to aware and monitor employees emotion, the conception of emotional intelligence has been introduced, the different definition also been stressed. Moreover, the theories of emotional intelligence also been listed, it provide the clear picture for managers in what extent and how to utilise the emotional intelligence. The third part of the report, has critical analysis the relationship among emotional intelligence, personal relationship, transformational leadership, leadership skills. It is the way to examine the emotional intelligence in other perspectives. The advantage and disadvantage side of the emotional intelligence in relation to transformational leadership, and the skills need for emotional intelligence managers. At the last part, the critics of emotional intelligence has been arise, the argument been made regarding the claim of Daniel Goleman. First claim about the variable of emotional intelligence can predict the important life outcome. The report has provided the examples and other authors research to argue the thesis. As result, the emotional intelligence has overstated, people with higher emotional intelligence can not predict the future success. The second claim said the Outstanding leaders emotional competencies make up to 85% to 100% of the competencies crucial for success. It is the only significant factor related to leaders success, it is one of many among important factors. Ref

Why is Nancy such an important character in the novel Oliver Twist? :: English Literature

Why is Nancy such an important character in the novel Oliver Twist? There are many reasons Nancy’s character is such an important one in the novel. One of these reasons is that when you first see her you are told that she wears a lot of make up and that she has a great deal of hair and she is ‘not very tidy about her shoes and stockings’. At that time this was not a respectable way to dress for a young, respectable woman, so it gives you the idea that she is a prostitute .At this moment you think that she is just a low- life woman trying to make a living. Even though most people would recognise Nancy for what she is, Oliver does not and thinks of her as a nice lady. This tells you that Oliver is meant to be innocent and does not have a clue on what is going on around him. Slowly as the story starts to develop, you get the idea that Nancy has another, more caring, side to her. You find out about this side on page 142 where she says to Bill Sikes that he’ll have to go through her if he wants to attack Oliver with his dog, Bullseye. At this point she also says to Bill that she doesn’t care if he splits her head against the wall but she still won’t get out of his way. This tells you that she is caring and does not want Oliver to suffer. Nancy feels sorry for Oliver because she recognises his innocence and does not want him to get involved in the criminal underworld as she did. She is reminded of how she got involved in the criminal underworld at such a young age and does not want Oliver to waste his life as she did. When this happens the reader starts to feel a bit sorry for Nancy. Nancy also helps to develop the story. It could have ended when Oliver meets Mr.Brownlow but Nancy kidnaps him, allowing the story to progress. After kidnapping him, she tries to reunite Oliver with Rose Maylie so this also helps the plot. By this stage of the story, Nancy’s life is near its end so Charles Dickens begins to build up sympathy towards Nancy. He does this by writing up a cruel end to her life. It starts with the Jew, Fagin, employing Noah Claypole (whom Fagin knows as Bolter) to go and spy on Nancy. Throughout the story, Dickens uses the word ‘Jew’ when referring to Fagin. This tells you that the anti-Semitic nature of the British does

Martin Luther King as a Role Model Essays -- Civil Rights Papers

Martin Luther King as a Role Model Everyone has someone that they look up to. It may be a hero or a role model. Martin Luther King serves as a role model for many African Americans because of his contributions and fight towards civil rights. King became very popular and touched the lives of many. According to Robert A. Divine and other authors of America Past and Present, the arrest of Rosa Parks sparked a massive protest movement that witnessed the emergence of Martin Luther King, Jr., as an eloquent new spokesman for African Americans. King led a prominent bus boycott in honor of Mrs. Parks. The boycott successfully ended a year later when the Supreme Court ruled the Alabama segregated law unconstitutional. As a result, King became well known around the world with his belief of passive resistance. He visited Third World leaders in Africa and in Asia and paid homage to Ghandi. He led a victorious Prayer Pilgrimage to Washington in 1957 on the third anniversary of the Brown decision. He held many vigils and led many protests to end segregation. King founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to promote others to fight against segregation a year after the bus boycott. Then, in April 1960, he found the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). These newly formed coalitions led to "dramatic success for the movement, but also ushered in a period of heightened tension and social turmoil in the 1960s. By 1968, he was winning the hearts and minds of more and more Americans on both sides of the color line. His efforts successfully merged the a... ... Select Committee also concluded that "James Ray fired one shot at Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.; the shot killed King." After the House Select Committee released its final Report in 1979, Committee Chairman Louis Stokes (D-Ohio) and Chief Counsel G. Blakey ordered that all of the committee's backup. Credits Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters : America in the King Years, 1954-63. Simon & Schuster, 1988. Divine, Robert, et al. America: Past and Present. 5th edition; volume II, Addison Wesley, New York: 1999. Garrow, David J. bearing the cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Confrence. Morrow, 1986. Jakoubek, Robert E. Martin Luther King, Jr. Chelsea Hse., 1989 For younger readers. Lewis, David L. King: A Biography. 2nd ed. Univ. of Illinois Pr., 1978. Martin Luther King as a Role Model Essays -- Civil Rights Papers Martin Luther King as a Role Model Everyone has someone that they look up to. It may be a hero or a role model. Martin Luther King serves as a role model for many African Americans because of his contributions and fight towards civil rights. King became very popular and touched the lives of many. According to Robert A. Divine and other authors of America Past and Present, the arrest of Rosa Parks sparked a massive protest movement that witnessed the emergence of Martin Luther King, Jr., as an eloquent new spokesman for African Americans. King led a prominent bus boycott in honor of Mrs. Parks. The boycott successfully ended a year later when the Supreme Court ruled the Alabama segregated law unconstitutional. As a result, King became well known around the world with his belief of passive resistance. He visited Third World leaders in Africa and in Asia and paid homage to Ghandi. He led a victorious Prayer Pilgrimage to Washington in 1957 on the third anniversary of the Brown decision. He held many vigils and led many protests to end segregation. King founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to promote others to fight against segregation a year after the bus boycott. Then, in April 1960, he found the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC). These newly formed coalitions led to "dramatic success for the movement, but also ushered in a period of heightened tension and social turmoil in the 1960s. By 1968, he was winning the hearts and minds of more and more Americans on both sides of the color line. His efforts successfully merged the a... ... Select Committee also concluded that "James Ray fired one shot at Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.; the shot killed King." After the House Select Committee released its final Report in 1979, Committee Chairman Louis Stokes (D-Ohio) and Chief Counsel G. Blakey ordered that all of the committee's backup. Credits Branch, Taylor. Parting the Waters : America in the King Years, 1954-63. Simon & Schuster, 1988. Divine, Robert, et al. America: Past and Present. 5th edition; volume II, Addison Wesley, New York: 1999. Garrow, David J. bearing the cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Confrence. Morrow, 1986. Jakoubek, Robert E. Martin Luther King, Jr. Chelsea Hse., 1989 For younger readers. Lewis, David L. King: A Biography. 2nd ed. Univ. of Illinois Pr., 1978.